{"id":5237,"date":"2026-03-08T19:47:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-08T17:47:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dondzaneacademy.com\/wp\/?p=5237"},"modified":"2026-03-08T19:47:34","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T17:47:34","slug":"metodos-de-obtencao-dos-alcenos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dondzaneacademy.com\/wp\/2026\/03\/08\/metodos-de-obtencao-dos-alcenos\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9todos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos alcenos"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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M\u00e9todos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos alcenos<\/strong><\/h5>

a) Hidrogena\u00e7\u00e3o de alcinos<\/strong>
Ocorre na presen\u00e7a de catalisadores como: pal\u00e1dio<\/strong> ( Pd ), platina<\/strong> ( Pt )<\/em> ou n\u00edquel<\/strong> ( Ni ).<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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b) Desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o dos \u00e1lcoois (Reac\u00e7\u00e3o de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua \u2013 “H2<\/sub>O” )<\/strong><\/p>

A desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre na presen\u00e7a do \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico”H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> ” concentrado a quente.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  • Para \u00e1lcoois com mais de tr\u00eas carbonos<\/span>, aplica-se a regra de SAYTZEFF.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

    A regra de SAYTZEFF<\/strong> diz que: \u201cNas reac\u00e7\u00f5es de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o, deve-se eliminar, de<\/em>
    prefer\u00eancia, o hidrog\u00e9nio do hidrogenado e vizinho ao carbono do grupoO<\/em>H\u201d.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Repare, caro estudante, que o carbono da hidroxila tem dois vizinhos. Por\u00e9m o hidrog\u00e9nio
    (H ) que \u00e9 retirado \u00e9 o do vizinho menos hidrogenado ( -CH2\u00a0\u2013 ) e n\u00e3o o do primeiro
    ( -CH3<\/sub> ), que \u00e9 mais hidrogenado.<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

    c) Deshalogena\u00e7\u00e3o dos derivados halogenados<\/strong>
    Tratando os haletos com uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o alco\u00f3lica aquecida de uma base inorg\u00e2nica (por
    exemplo-KOH).<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

    \u00c9 importante notar que, no caso de haletos com mais de tr\u00eas carbonos, aplica-se a regra de<\/em>
    SAYTZEFF.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    O grupo OH \u201cataca \u201d um hidrog\u00e9nio ( H ) do carbono menos hidrogenado e vizinho do radical Bromo<\/strong> (Br ), para formar \u00c1gua ( H2<\/sub>O ) e em seguida o pot\u00e1ssio<\/strong> (K ) retira o Bromo ( Br ) e forma (KBr ), como produto principal forma-se um composto com liga\u00e7\u00e3o dupla, o Buteno-<\/strong>2.<\/strong><\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

    d) Deshalogena\u00e7\u00e3o de haletos vicinais com zinco<\/strong>
    Os di-haletos vicinais<\/em>, quando tratados com zinco met\u00e1lico, podem ser deshalogenados,
    originando alcenos.
    Veja o exemplo:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
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    Chamam-se dihaletos vicinais,<\/em><\/span> compostos que t\u00eam dois \u00e1tomos de halog\u00e9neos em carbonos
    vizinhos.
    O Zinco tem val\u00eancia dois (II)<\/strong> e o Bromo tem val\u00eancia (I)<\/strong>, por isso, um \u00e1tomo de zinco
    une-se a dois \u00e1tomos de bromo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    M\u00e9todos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos alcenos a) Hidrogena\u00e7\u00e3o de alcinosOcorre na presen\u00e7a de catalisadores como: pal\u00e1dio ( Pd ), platina ( Pt ) ou n\u00edquel ( Ni ). b) Desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o dos \u00e1lcoois (Reac\u00e7\u00e3o de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua \u2013 “H2O” ) A desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre na presen\u00e7a do \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico”H2SO4 ” concentrado a quente. Para \u00e1lcoois com mais […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5325,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20,1,14],"tags":[34,28,185,184,182,181,180,27,26,183],"class_list":["post-5237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia","category-geral","category-quimica","tag-10a-classe-2","tag-ciencia","tag-deshalogenacao-de-haletos-vicinais-com-zinco","tag-deshalogenacao-dos-derivados-halogenados","tag-desidratacao-dos-alcoois-reaccao-de-eliminacao-de-agua-h2o","tag-hidrogenacao-de-alcinos","tag-metodos-de-obtencao-dos-alcenos","tag-organica","tag-quimica","tag-regra-de-saytzeff"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00e9todos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos alcenos - Dondzane Academy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"a) Hidrogena\u00e7\u00e3o de alcinosOcorre na presen\u00e7a de catalisadores como: pal\u00e1dio ( Pd ), platina ( Pt ) ou n\u00edquel ( Ni ). b) Desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o dos \u00e1lcoois (Reac\u00e7\u00e3o de elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua \u2013 \u201cH2O\u201d )A desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre na presen\u00e7a do \u00e1cido sulf\u00farico\u201dH2SO4 \u201d concentrado a quente.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dondzaneacademy.com\/wp\/2026\/03\/08\/metodos-de-obtencao-dos-alcenos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00e9todos de obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos alcenos - 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